Almorávide - перевод на Английский
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Almorávide - перевод на Английский

BERBER DYNASTY THAT ONCE RULED OVER AL-ANDALUS AND MAGHREB
Almoravid; Almoravide dynasty; Al Moravids; Al-Murabitids; Murabitids; Almoravide; Almoravides; Almoravids; Almurabiteen; Morabit; Murabiteen; Almurabitun; AlMoravids; Al Moravid; Al-Murabit; Almoravid empire; Almoravid Empire; Almoravid Dynasty; Al-Murabatin; Almoravid Caliphate; Almorawid dynasty; Almoravid emirate; Almoravid Emirate of Morocco; Almoravid Emirate; Almoravid Sultanate; Almoravid State
  • Zaragoza]] in Al-Andalus
  • A 15th century depiction of the 11th century Almoravid general [[Abu Bakr ibn Umar]] ("Rex Bubecar") near the [[Senegal River]] in 1413 Majorcan chart. Abu Bakr was known for his conquests in Africa.
  • Fragment of the shroud of San Pedro de Osma, early 12th century: the imagery features pairs of lions and harpies, surrounded by men holding griffins
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  • left
  • Ali Bin Yusuf Bin Tashfin al-Murabiti]] 1137 for his great mosque in Marrakesh.

Almorávide      
n. Almoravid, confederation of Berber tribes
almorávide 1      
Almoravid, pertaining to the confederation of Berber tribes

Определение

almorávide
adj.
1) Se dice del individuo de una tribu del Atlas, que mediado el siglo XI, fundó un vasto imperio en el occidente de Africa, y llegó a tener bajo su dominio toda la España árabe, desde 1093 a 1148. Se utiliza también como sustantivo y más en plural.
2) Perteneciente a los almorávides.
Nota ampliatoria:
Denominación que suele darse al arte producido en Al-Andalus y los demás territorios bajo dominio almorávide. Pueblo de origen bereber que irrumpió en la Península ibérica a petición de los reinos de Taifas y que acabó por instaurar su propio dominio, que se extendió desde Mali al Magreb, hasta 1145 aproximadamente, cuando cedió ante la presión almohade. Su arte fue austero, contrastando en Al-Andalus con el esplendor califal que le precedió. Una de sus principales manifestaciones es la mezquita de Tlemcén (1082 aproximadamente, con decoración de mediados del siglo XII) así como las de Argel y Fez. En ellas se desarrolló por primera vez en Occidente el almohade.

Википедия

Almoravid dynasty

The Almoravid dynasty (Arabic: المرابطون, romanized: Al-Murābiṭūn, lit. 'those from the ribats') was an imperial Berber Muslim dynasty centered in the territory of present-day Morocco. It established an empire in the 11th century that stretched over the western Maghreb and Al-Andalus, starting in the 1050s and lasting until its fall to the Almohads in 1147. The Almoravid capital was Marrakesh, a city founded by the Almoravid leader Abu Bakr ibn Umar c. 1070. The dynasty emerged from a coalition of the Lamtuna, Gudala, and Massufa, nomadic Berber tribes living in what is now Mauritania and the Western Sahara, traversing the territory between the Draa, the Niger, and the Senegal rivers.

The Almoravids were crucial in preventing the fall of Al-Andalus (Muslim rule in Iberia) to the Iberian Christian kingdoms, when they decisively defeated a coalition of the Castilian and Aragonese armies at the Battle of Sagrajas in 1086. This enabled them to control an empire that stretched 3,000 km (1,900 mi) north to south. Their rulers never claimed the title of caliph and instead took on the title of Amir al-Muslimīn ("Prince of the Muslims") while formally acknowledging the overlordship of the Abbasid Caliphs in Baghdad. However, the rule of the dynasty was relatively short-lived. The Almoravids fell—at the height of their power—when they failed to stop the Masmuda-led rebellion initiated by Ibn Tumart. As a result, their last king Ishaq ibn Ali was killed in Marrakesh in April 1147 by the Almohad Caliphate, which replaced them as a ruling dynasty both in the Maghreb and Al-Andalus.